Surface electromyographic characterization of swallowing in subjects with and without swallowing disorders
Caracterização eletromiográfica da deglutição em indivíduos com e sem alterações clínicas
Esther Mandelbaum Gonçalves Bianchini; Fabiane Kayamori
Abstract
Purpose: to verify the possibility of swallowing evaluation in subjects with and without swallowing disorders by the analysis of electromyographic (EMG) traces, search for specific characteristics and association with clinical examination and electromyography.
Method: 39 subjects were divided into two groups: research (GP) 25 subjects with swallowing disorders and (CG) 14 without these disorders. Equipment Miotool 200/400 USB, 4 channels, with electrodes bilaterally on the submental region. Swallowing of saliva and of 5ml of water was registered. The EMG records were reviewed by three judges, after provided the EMG traces. The records were classified into normal and abnormal (single peak, more than one peak, not defined peak, changes in the onset/offset). Test of equality of two proportions was used.
Results: for both groups it was obtained a large number of records with unexpected swallows. The results for GP showed the highest percentage of altered swallowing of saliva records, but no statistical differences between groups was found. GC presented various types of swallowing records of saliva without significant prevalence; GP presented predominance of "more than one peak". In swallowing of water, GC showed predominance of "single peak" and a lower incidence of "more than one peak" and GP showed predominance of "single peak" and lower incidence of "not defined peak".
Conclusion: analysis of EMG traces didn't show specific characteristics and differences for groups, not reflecting patterns that could characterize the records in subjects with and without clinical swallowing. No correlation between clinical and EMG of swallowing was possible.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: verificar a possibilidade de avaliação da deglutição por análise dos traçados eletromiográficos (EMG), em sujeitos com e sem alterações clínicas da deglutição; buscando características específicas voltadas para associação do exame clínico com a eletromiografia.
Método: 39 sujeitos foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo pesquisa (GP): 25 com alteração de deglutição; controle (GC): 14 sem alteração da deglutição. Equipamento Miotool 200/400 USB, quatro canais, eletrodos na região submental bilateralmente (supra-hióideos). Avaliado deglutição de saliva e cinco mililitros de água. Os registros EMG foram analisados por três juízes, após fornecidos os traçado EMG. Classificaram-se os registros em: normal (pico único) e alterados (mais de um pico, pico não definido, modificações no onset/offset). Utilizou-se o Teste de igualdade de duas proporções.
Resultados: obteve-se grande número de registros com deglutições não esperados em ambos os grupos e para os dois tipos de deglutição. Deglutição de saliva, com maior porcentagem em GP de registros com deglutição alterada, não houve diferença entre os grupos. Deglutição de saliva: GC apresentou registros variados, sem predomínio significativo; GP observou-se predomínio de mais de um pico e menor ocorrência de modificações no onset/offset. Deglutição de água: GC predomínio de pico único e menor ocorrência de mais de um pico; GP predomínio de pico único e menor ocorrência de pico não definido.
Conclusão: análise dos traçados EMG não mostrou características específicas e diferenciadas para os grupos; não refletindo padrões que pudessem caracterizar os registros em sujeitos com e sem alterações clínicas da deglutição. Não foi possível definir correlação entre avaliação clínica e EMG da deglutição.
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References
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Submitted date:
12/14/2011
Accepted date:
04/11/2012
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