Contraste fônico encoberto entre /t/ e /k/: um estudo de caso de normalidade e de transtorno fonológico
Covert phonic contrast between /t/ and /k/: a case study of normality and phonological disorder
Larissa Cristina Berti; Viviane Cristina de Castro Marino
Resumo
Objetivo: investigar, com auxílio de análise acústica, o estabelecimento do contraste fonológico de produções de um sujeito com transtorno fonológico que apresenta neutralização (pela análise de oitiva) do contraste entre as oclusivas alveolar e velar.
Método: foram analisadas as produções das oclusivas /t/ e /k/ combinadas com as vogais /a/ e /u/ na posição acentuada em dois sujeitos – com e sem transtorno fonológico – ambos do sexo masculino, com faixa etária entre 5 e 6 anos. Os parâmetros fonético-acústicos analisados incluíram a inspeção acústica da forma de onda, os parâmetros relativos às características espectrais do burst; os parâmetros acústicos relativos às características acústicas das vogais adjacentes às oclusivas e os parâmetros acústicos relativos ao padrão temporal.
Resultados: nas produções da criança com transtorno fonológico observou-se a presença de contrastes encobertos entre as oclusivas investigadas, marcadas tanto pelo uso inadequado quanto pelo correto das pistas fonéticas, mas com valores insuficientes. Nas produções da criança sem transtorno fonológico observou-se o uso de pelo menos uma pista fonética relativa às principais características de um segmento oclusivo que, com magnitude suficiente, propicia o resgate do contraste entre /t/ e /k/ pelos ouvintes. Nas produções de ambos os sujeitos as pistas fonéticas foram dependentes do contexto vocálico.
Conclusão: um determinado contraste fônico pode ser entendido como uma constelação de pistas fonéticas que variam em sua interdependência e significância perceptual.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Purpose: to investigate, using an acoustic analysis, the establishment of phonological contrast between alveolar and velar stop sounds in a child with phonological disorders that neutralizes this contrast.
Method: productions of stop /t/ and /k/ sounds combined with the vowels /a/ and /u/ in the stressed position were investigated in two male children between 5 and 6-year old, one with phonological disorders and the other with no disorder. The analyzed acoustic parameters included acoustic waveform inspection, acoustic parameters related to spectral burst characteristics, acoustic parameters related to the characteristics of vowels adjacent to occlusive sounds and acoustic parameters related to temporal patterns of the productions.
Results: findings from this study indicated presence of covert contrast in the two stop sounds produced by the child with phonological disorders, marked by both inadequate phonetic cues and adequate phonetic cues, but with insufficient values. Productions of the child without phonological contrast evidenced the use of at least one phonetic cue related to the primary acoustic characteristics of stop segments, which allows for auditory perception of the contrast between /t/ and /k/ sounds. The productions of both children - with and without phonological disorders - were vocalic context dependent.
Conclusion: a determined phonetic contrast can be understood as a constellation of phonetic cues that vary in terms of their interdependency and/ or perceptual significance.
Keywords
References
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Submitted date:
04/20/2010
Accepted date:
12/14/2010
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