Audiologia em comunidade: relato de experiência
Audiology in community: hearing symptoms and risk factors in children between 0 and 7 years old
Paulo Marcelo Freitas de Barros; Tícia Cassiany Ferro Cavalcante; Aline Fernanda de Andrade
Resumo
Objetivo: caracterizar queixas, sintomas e fatores de risco relacionados à perda auditiva em crianças com suspeita de perda auditiva no Distrito Sanitário I do Recife/Brasil.
Métodos: relato de experiência de atuação fonoaudiológica em parceria com Agentes Comunitários de Saúde – ACS que foram capacitados sobre saúde auditiva para identificar crianças com queixas de audição. Foram realizadas visitas aos domicílios indicados e ao posto de saúde e entrevistadas 80 mães obtendo-se informações a respeito de 117 crianças de 0 a 7 anos. Para as análises dos dados foram privilegiadas informações sobre: queixas otológicas, audiológicas e fatores de risco para a audição.
Resultados: 35 crianças (29%) apresentaram uma ou mais queixas otológicas e/ou auditivas. Os dois principais sintomas otológicos referidos foram: otalgia (74,2%) e otorréia (34,2%). Os sintomas auditivos mais frequentes foram: dificuldade de compreender o que os outros falam (25,7%) e diminuição da audição (20%). Com relação aos fatores de risco, verificou-se que 57 (48,7%) crianças possuíam um ou mais fatores, sendo eles: uso materno de álcool (59,6%) durante a gestação, antecedentes hereditários para a surdez (43,8%) e uso materno de drogas ilícitas (39,8%) durante a gestação.
Conclusão: a otalgia foi o principal sintoma referido e a dificuldade de compreensão foi a queixa mais frequente. Os fatores de risco mais importantes foram o uso materno de álcool e de drogas ilícitas como maconha e craque durante a gestação.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Purpose: to characterize complaints, symptoms and risk factors related to hearing loss in children with suspected hearing loss in the Health District I of Recife/Brazil.
Methods: report of experience of audiology performance in partnership with Community Health Agents – CHA, who were trained on hearing health to identify children with hearing complaints. Home visits were made to the indicated addresses and to the health center, and 80 mothers were interviewed obtaining information about 117 children aged 0 to 7 years. For data analysis, information on otological complaints, audiological complaints and risk factors for hearing were privileged.
Results: 35 children (29%) had one or more otological and/or hearing complaints. The two main otological symptoms reported were: otalgia (74.2%) and otorrhea (34.2%). The most frequent hearing symptoms were: difficulty understanding what others say (25.7%) and hearing loss (20%). Regarding risk factors, it was found that 57 (48.7%) children had one or more factors, namely: maternal alcohol use (59.6%) during pregnancy, family history of deafness (43.8%) and maternal use of illicit drugs (39.8%) during pregnancy.
Conclusion: otalgia was the main reported symptom and difficulty in understanding was the most frequent complaint. The most important risk factors were maternal use of alcohol and illicit drugs such as marijuana and crack during pregnancy.
Keywords
Referências
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Submetido em:
05/06/2008
Aceito em:
19/02/2010
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