A comparative study on phonological acquisition and performance in phonological awareness by children exposed to a bilingual or monolingual family environment
Estudo comparativo sobre a aquisição fonológica e o desempenho em consciência fonológica entre crianças expostas a ambiente familiar bilíngue e crianças expostas a ambiente familiar monolíngue
Ana Rita Brancalioni; Ana Paula Bogoni; Diane Pinto da Silva; Vanessa Giacchini
Abstract
Objective: to verify and compare phonological acquisition and performance in phonological awareness tasks among children exposed to a bilingual (Brazilian Portuguese and German) or monolingual family environments (Brazilian Portuguese).
Methods: a sample of 32 children of both sexes aged 5 years were divided into the bilingual group (13 children), who lived daily with people who spoke German and Portuguese, and the monolingual group (19 children), who lived daily with people who spoke only the Portuguese language. Phonological acquisition and phonological awareness skills were assessed using protocols standardized for Brazilian Portuguese and statistically analyzed using the Fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney test, considering p<0.05.
Results: the results revealed that a greater number of subjects demonstrated atypical phonological acquisition in the bilingual group and scored worse results in the phonological awareness skills evaluation. Phonological processes were similar in both groups. None of the results obtained were statistically significant.
Conclusion: deviant phonological acquisition was superior in the bilingual family environment group. Phonological processes were similar for both groups. In the phonological awareness tasks, children in the bilingual family environment group obtained better results only for the phonemic synthesis tasks. For other tasks, children in the monolingual family group achieved better results.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: verificar e comparar a aquisição fonológica e o desempenho em tarefas de consciência fonológica entre crianças expostas a ambiente familiar bilíngue (Português Brasileiro e Alemão) e crianças expostas a ambiente familiar monolíngue (Português Brasileiro).
Métodos: amostra composta de 32 crianças de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária dos 5 anos, divididas no grupo bilíngue (13 crianças), que conviviam diariamente com pessoas que falavam constantemente a língua alemã e a língua portuguesa, e no grupo monolíngue (19 crianças) que conviviam diariamente com pessoas que falavam apenas a língua portuguesa. A avaliação da aquisição fonológica e a avaliação das habilidades de consciência fonológica foram realizadas com protocolos padronizados para o português brasileiro e analisados estatisticamente utilizando os testes: Exato de Fisher e Teste Mann-Whitney considerando-se p<0,05.
Resultados: observou-se maior número de sujeitos com aquisição fonológica atípica no grupo bilíngue e piores resultados na avaliação das habilidades de consciência fonológica observados nessas crianças, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos estudados. Os processos fonológicos foram semelhantes nos dois grupos.
Conclusão: os processos fonológicos foram semelhantes. Nas tarefas de consciência fonológica, as crianças do grupo familiar monolíngue alcançaram melhores resultados.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
14/02/2018
Aceito em:
28/09/2018
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