Studies on spelling in the context of dyslexia: a literature review
Estudos sobre ortografia no âmbito da dislexia: revisão de literatura
Luciana Cidrim; Francisco Madeiro
Abstract
This paper aimed at reviewing the literature related to national and international research on spelling difficulties by dyslexics and identifying the intervention approaches performed with regard to this topic. An integrative review of the literature was carried out in order to answer the question: considering the domain of the orthography, one of the challenges frequently faced by dyslexics, how are studies on the relationship between dyslexia and spelling characterized? The research was carried out in PubMed platform, Scopus database and Portal de Periódicos CAPES/MEC. To search the articles, the following descriptors were used: "dislexia" or "dyslexia" with the free terms "ortografia" or "spelling". One aspect should be highlighted: some works indicate that difficulties in the spelling performance by dyslexics are not exclusively due to phonological processing failures – they are also secondary to alterations in orthographic processing. A challenge faced by dyslexics is to retain phonological information to use in writing new orthographic forms. Researchers suggest that intervention strategies include phonological, orthographic and lexical activities. It is observed that few studies have analyzed the difficulties that dyslexics face when dealing with new words, as well as writing, correctly, frequently used words in their own language.
Keywords
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo é revisar a literatura relacionada a pesquisas nacionais e internacionais sobre as dificuldades ortográficas enfrentadas por disléxicos e identificar as abordagens de intervenção na temática supracitada. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura que buscou responder à pergunta: Considerando o domínio da ortografia um dos desafios frequentemente enfrentados por disléxicos, como se caracterizam os estudos a respeito da relação entre dislexia e ortografia? A pesquisa foi realizada na plataforma PubMed e nas bases de dados Scopus e Portal de Periódicos da Capes. Para pesquisar os artigos, foram utilizados da forma combinada os descritores "dislexia" ou "dyslexia" e os termos livres "ortografia" ou "spelling". Um aspecto deve ser destacado: alguns trabalhos apontam que as dificuldades no desempenho da escrita por disléxicos não são decorrentes, exclusivamente, de falhas no processamento fonológico – são também secundárias a alterações no processamento ortográfico. Um desafio enfrentado por disléxicos é reter as informações fonológicas para utilizar na escrita de novas formas ortográficas. Pesquisadores sugerem que as estratégias de intervenção contemplem atividades fonológicas, ortográficas e lexicais. Observa-se que poucos estudos analisaram as dificuldades que disléxicos apresentam para lidar com palavras novas, bem como escrever ortograficamente palavras frequentemente utilizadas em sua própria língua.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
06/07/2017
Aceito em:
06/10/2017
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