Study on viscosity modification of human and formula milk for infants with dysphagia
Estudo sobre a modificação da viscosidade do leite humano e da fórmula para lactentes com disfagia
Mariangela Bartha de Mattos Almeida; Saint Clair Gomes Júnior; Jonas Borges da Silva; Danielle Aparecida da Silva; Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira
Abstract
Purpose: to analyze the modification of the viscosity of human milk and infant formula.
Methods: three studies were performed to assess the viscosity and effect of time on infant formula with a thickener, at concentrations of 2, 3, and 5%, as well as raw and pasteurized human milk at concentrations of 2, 3, 5, and 7% at 37ºC, for 60 minutes. Rice cereal was used as a thickening agent. The viscosity was evaluated using a Ford Cup-type viscometer, and the samples were analyzed at 20-minute intervals. Significant differences were assessed using the ANOVA test.
Results: no significant differences in viscosity were observed over time in concentrations of 2, 3, and 5%. There was a difference in the viscosity between human milk and infant formula, in concentrations of 2% and 5%, 2% and 7%, 3% and 5%, and 3% and 7%, independently of the time intervals evaluated.
Conclusion: the findings of this study demonstrate the need for different concentrations of the thickening agent for human milk and infant formula. Rice cereal is a suitable therapeutic option for newborns presented with dysphagia in concentrations of 2, 3, 5, and 7%, due to its effect on the viscosity and flow reduction, provided that the feeding time is considered.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: analisar o leite humano e a fórmula láctea infantil com a viscosidade modificada.
Métodos: foram realizados três estudos considerando a viscosidade e efeito do tempo na fórmula nas concentrações 2, 3 e 5% e no leite humano cru e pasteurizado nas concentrações 2, 3, 5 e 7% na temperatura de 37ºC pelo tempo de 60 minutos. O cereal de arroz foi utilizado como agente espessante. A viscosidade foi avaliada pelo viscosímetro do tipo Copo Ford e as amostras analisadas em quatro intervalos de tempo. Diferenças significativas foram avaliadas por meio do teste da Anova.
Resultados: não foram observadas diferenças significativas da viscosidade em relação ao tempo para as concentrações de 2, 3 e 5%. Observou-se diferença na viscosidade entre leite humano e fórmula nas concentrações de 2% e 5%, 2% e 7%, 3% e 5%, e 3% e 7%, independente dos intervalos de tempo considerados.
Conclusão: o estudo aponta para a necessidade de diferentes concentrações para leite humano e formula. O cereal de arroz apresenta-se como opção terapêutica adequada para os recém-nascidos com disfagia nas concentrações de 2, 3, 5 e 7% pelo seu efeito na viscosidade e redução do fluxo, desde que se observe o tempo de mamada.
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References
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Submitted date:
04/27/2017
Accepted date:
09/05/2017
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