Speech, swallowing and quality of life outcomes in extrapontine myelinolysis: a case report of a teenager with central nervous system germ cell tumor
Achados de fala, deglutição e qualidade de vida na mielinólise extrapontina: relato de caso de uma adolescente com germinoma do sistema nervoso central
Kaliani Lima Coça; Anke Bergmann; Sima Ferman; Lícia Neves Portela; Márcia Gonçalves Ribeiro
Abstract
This paper is a case report describing the speech-language and quality of life outcomes presented by a teenager with a central nervous system germ cell tumor affected by extrapontine myelinolysis. The extrapontine myelinolysis is an acute demyelinating disease that can be caused by abrupt changes in serum osmolality, as in the rapid correction of hyponatremia. Data were obtained from clinical assessment protocols, pediatric inventory about quality of life and medical records information. The patient presented mutism, dysphagia and dysarthria caused by extrapontine myelinolysis, with significant impacts on their verbal communication, feeding and quality of life. The scores of quality of life after extrapontine myelinolysis decreased compared to the time before the disease. She received speech-language therapy during hospital admission and in the outpatient clinic. We observed changes in patterns of speech, swallowing and mobility of orofacial structures; with partially reverse of neurological deficits. The speech therapists, as part of a multidisciplinary team of health care, are of great importance in the functional rehabilitation of patients affected by this disease.
Keywords
Resumo
O presente trabalho é um relato de caso que descreve os achados fonoaudiológicos e de qualidade de vida apresentados por uma adolescente com um tumor do sistema nervoso central acometida pela mielinólise extrapontina. A mielinólise extrapontina é uma doença desmielinizante aguda que pode ser causada por variações abruptas na osmolaridade sérica, como o que ocorre na rápida correção da hiponatremia. Os dados foram obtidos a partir da avaliação clínica fonoaudiológica, de questionários pediátricos sobre a qualidade de vida e dados contidos no prontuário médico. A paciente apresentou mutismo, disartria e disfagia decorrentes da mielinólise extrapontina, com impactos significativos na sua comunicação verbal, alimentação e qualidade de vida. Os escores de qualidade de vida após a mielinólise extrapontina apresentaram piora quando comparados aos do período anterior à doença. Recebeu atendimento fonoaudiológico hospitalar e ambulatorial. Foram observadas evoluções nos padrões de fala, deglutição e mobilidade das estruturas orofaciais, com reversão parcial dos déficits neurológicos. A atuação fonoaudiológica, como parte de uma equipe multiprofissional de saúde, é de grande importância na reabilitação funcional dos pacientes acometidos por esta doença.
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Referencias
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Submitted date:
05/09/2016
Accepted date:
06/01/2017
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