The effect of the neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the suprahyoid muscle activity during swallowing in subjects with dysphagia
O efeito da eletroestimulação neuromuscular na contração da musculatura supra-hióidea durante a deglutição de indivíduos com disfagia
Maíra Barbosa Lobo; Natasha De Luccia; Andréa Castor Nogueira; Carolina Castelli Silvério
Abstract
Purpose: the purpose of this study is to verify the effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on the suprahyoid muscle activity during swallowing, in post stroke subjects, with oropharyngeal dysphagia.
Methods: participated eight post-stroke subjects with dysphagia, male and female, referred to speech-language therapy to early swallowing rehabilitation. Before the first rehabilitation session, the patient´s muscular electrical activity of suprahyoid muscle was measured using Surface Electromyography Biofeedback. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Experimental Group (n=4): patients who received both traditional speech-language therapy and the application of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation. Control Group (n=4): patients submitted to traditional speech-language therapy. After eight sessions, all patients measured the suprahyoid activity with the Surface Electromyography Biofeedback. The pre and post treatment results were compared in both groups.
Results: comparing the two groups average of time and amplitude of the muscle contraction during swallowing of saliva and two swallows of paste, no statistically significant differences were observed in the pre and post treatment values.
Conclusion: the use of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on the parameters and methodology used did not prove efficient in promoting greater contraction of the suprahyoid muscles during the swallowing, in post-stroke individuals with oropharyngeal dysphagia. The data obtained may be due to the methodology used in this study relative to the protocol application and the way to measure the results.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: verificar o efeito da Eletroestimulação Neuromuscular na contração da musculatura supra-hióidea durante a deglutição em indivíduos pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral com disfagia orofaríngea.
Métodos: participaram da pesquisa oito indivíduos pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral com disfagia, de ambos os sexos, encaminhados para terapia fonoaudiológica com objetivo de trabalhar a função da deglutição, em início de processo terapêutico. Anteriormente ao início da primeira sessão, foi realizada a mensuração do tempo e amplitude da atividade elétrica muscular através da Eletromiografia de Superfície de Biofeedback. Os pacientes foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: Grupo Experimental (n=4): pacientes que receberam a fonoterapia tradicional e aplicação da Eletroestimulação Neuromuscular; Grupo Controle (n=4): pacientes que receberam a fonoterapia tradicional. Após oito sessões, todos os pacientes passaram novamente pela Eletromiografia de Superfície de Biofeedback para verificar a atividade elétrica da musculatura supra-hióidea. Os registros dos exames pré e pós intervenção foram comparados nos dois grupos.
Resultados: comparando-se as médias das variáveis de amplitude e tempo da atividade elétrica muscular durante a deglutição de saliva e nas duas deglutições de pastoso, não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos estudados, na comparação dos valores pré e pós intervenção.
Conclusões: o uso da Eletroestimulação Neuromuscular nos parâmetros e na metodologia empregada não mostrou-se eficiente em promover maior contração da musculatura supra-hióidea durante a deglutição em indivíduos pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral com disfagia orofaríngea. Os dados encontrados podem ser decorrentes da metodologia utilizada nesta pesquisa com relação ao protocolo de aplicação da técnica e à forma de mensuração dos resultados.
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Referencias
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Submitted date:
30/12/2015
Accepted date:
15/06/2016
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