Conceptual aspects and factors associated with Functional Health Literacy: a literary review
Aspectos conceituais e fatores associados ao letramento funcional em saúde: revisão de literatura
Poliana Cristina Rocha; Stela Maris Aguiar Lemos
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to revise scientific productions concerning the evaluation of health functional literacy which is associated with the quality of life and analyze methodologically the observational studies about this theme. An integrative review has been produced using papers related to the following themes: health functional literacy and quality of life which had a research done in the PubMed, Lilacs and "Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde" databases. After applying the inclusion criteria, 538 articles were obtained, also, after applying the exclusion criteria, 11 articles were selected. Nine out of the eleven articles are international and the remain 2 are national. The review stated the compilation and construction of the publication historical lines, the methodological analysis of observational studies and the elaboration of cloud texts. Most part of the articles have quantitative analysis, adults and elders as target groups and the measurement of the levels of health functional literacy. This study verified the positive interaction between health functional literacy, low education, advanced age, the male gender and low income. The main scenarios were the assistencialist environments. The health functional literacy presented an association with social-demographic variables, such as sex, age and education. Most studies presented in this research had the goal of relating the literacy to pathologies and they were done in clinic environments such as hospitals and health clinics. All eight observational articles included in the review could totally fit the methodological criteria for the elaboration of this type of study.
Keywords
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo é revisar as produções científicas acerca da avaliação do letramento funcional em saúde em associação com a qualidade de vida; e analisar metodologicamente os estudos observacionais sobre a temática. Trata-se de revisão integrativa de literatura produzida com base em artigos relacionados aos seguintes eixos temáticos: letramento funcional em saúde e qualidade de vida, com busca realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Lilacs, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão obteve-se 538 artigos e após a aplicação dos critérios de exclusão foram selecionados 11 artigos sendo nove estudos internacionais e dois nacionais. A revisão constou de compilação e construção de linha histórica das publicações, análise metodológica dos estudos observacionais e elaboração de nuvem de textos. A maior parte dos artigos tem análise quantitativa; público alvo adultos e idosos e medem o nível de letramento funcional em saúde. Os estudos verificaram relação positiva do letramento funcional em saúde com a baixa escolaridade, idade mais avançada, sexo masculino e baixa renda. Os principais cenários foram ambientes assistenciais. O letramento funcional em saúde apresentou associação com variáveis sócio-demográficas como sexo, idade e escolaridade. A maior parte dos estudos encontrados na busca teve como objetivo relacionar o letramento a patologias e foi realizado em ambientes clínicos (ambulatórios e hospitais). Dos oito artigos observacionais incluídos na presente revisão atenderam totalmente aos critérios metodológicos para elaboração desse tipo de estudo.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
30/06/2015
Aceito em:
30/09/2015
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