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https://revistacefac.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/1982-0216/20262849125
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Tinnitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study of patients in the Brazilian public health system

Zumbido e diabetes mellitus tipo 2: um estudo transversal de pacientes no sistema público de saúde brasileiro

Giovanni Capoani Mondelli; Rubens Jonatha dos Santos Ferreira; Heitor Marques Honório; Izabella Lima de Matos; Luiz Fernando Manzoni Lourençone; Jorge Piano Simões; Maria Fernanda Capoani Garcia Mondelli

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216/20262849125 Revista CEFAC, vol.28, n4, e9125, 2026
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Abstract

Purpose: to investigate the association between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and tinnitus and evaluate the influence of other related factors such as diagnosis of hearing loss, age and sex.

Methods: a retrospective cross-sectional study In which patients were selected based on eligibility criteria: audiology interview, otorhinolaryngological evaluation, diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or tinnitus assessed, using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory and Visual Analog Scale instruments, and diagnosis of hearing loss. Patients with insufficient data in their medical records were excluded from the analysis.

Results: 3,483 medical records were considered. Of these, 55.46% (n=1,932) were females and 44.54% (n=1,551) were males. The median age was 64 years and 53.50% (n=1,864) of the participants had tinnitus. Isolated T2DM was reported in 6.65% (n=231) of the sample, while the association between tinnitus and T2DM was present in 15.75% (n=549) of cases.

Conclusion: more than 50% of the sample had tinnitus, especially between 61 and 70 years old, with female predominance. The results demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between tinnitus and age groups, supporting the non-random connection between tinnitus and age. Hearing loss was common in most cases of association between tinnitus and T2DM, with a statistically significant association between T2DM, tinnitus and hearing loss.

Keywords

Tinnitus; Diabetes Mellitus; Hearing Loss; Unified Health System

Resumo

Objetivo: investigar a associação entre DM2 e zumbido e avaliar a influência de outros fatores relacionados, como diagnóstico de perda auditiva, idade e sexo.

Métodos: estudo transversal retrospectivo. Os pacientes foram selecionados com base nos critérios de elegibilidade: entrevista audiológica, avaliação otorrinolaringológica, diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e/ou zumbido avaliado por meio dos instrumentos Tinnitus Handicap Inventory e Escala Visual Analógica, além de diagnóstico de perda auditiva. Pacientes com dados insuficientes em seus prontuários foram excluídos da análise.

Resultados: foram considerados 3.483 prontuários. Destes, 55,46% (n=1932) eram pacientes do sexo feminino e 44,54% (n=1551) do sexo masculino. A idade mediana foi de 64 anos. 53,50% (n=1.864) dos participantes apresentavam zumbido. DM2 isolado foi relatado em 6,65% (n=231) da amostra, enquanto a associação entre zumbido e DM2 esteve presente em 15,75% (n=549) dos casos.

Conclusão: mais de 50% da amostra apresentava zumbido, especialmente entre 61 e 70 anos, com predominância feminina. Os resultados demonstraram uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre zumbido e faixas etárias, sustentando a conexão não aleatória entre zumbido e idade. A perda auditiva foi comum na maioria dos casos de associação entre zumbido e DM2, com associação estatisticamente significativa entre DM2, zumbido e perda auditiva.

Palavras-chave

Zumbido; Diabetes Mellitus; Perda Auditiva; Sistema Único de Saúde

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Submetido em:
30/08/2025

Aceito em:
13/04/2026

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