Revista CEFAC
https://revistacefac.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/1982-0216/20252756124
Revista CEFAC
Review Articles

Low-level laser photobiomodulation on head and neck muscles of children with cerebral palsy: An integrative review

Fotobiomodulação a laser de baixa intensidade na musculatura da cabeça e pescoço na criança com paralisia cerebral: revisão integrativa

Jovanka Soares Monteiro Lopes; Fabiane Elpídio de Sá; José Lucivan Miranda; Adrianna Teixeira Nunes

Downloads: 1
Views: 837

Abstract

Purpose: to review the literature on the effect of low-level laser photobiomodulation therapy on head and neck muscle performance in children with cerebral palsy.

Methods: a descriptive-qualitative integrative review conducted in the VHL, PubMed, SciELO, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane databases, using the following health descriptors: low-level light therapy, child, cerebral palsy, facial muscles, masseter muscle, and neck muscles, and their alternative terms. Filters were applied according to each database. The search was conducted from October 2022 to December 2023, with no limitations on the year of publication or language, selecting articles that answered the research question, "Can low-level laser photobiomodulation therapy applied to head and neck muscles in children with cerebral palsy effectively improve muscle performance?".

Literature Review: 12 articles were selected, 10 being excluded after reading their titles and abstracts, hence, two articles were included after their full texts were read.

Conclusion: the review identified a gap regarding the topic, not allowing for a definitive conclusion on the subject. However, low-level laser photobiomodulation applied to the head and neck muscles of children with cerebral palsy appears to be promising for muscle performance. No scientific articles were found in the present research, addressing the use of this resource for intraoral sensitivity, salivary flow, or swallowing in the study population.

Keywords

Low-Level Light Therapy; Child; Cerebral Palsy; Facial Muscles; Masseter Muscle; Neck Muscles

Resumo

Objetivo: revisar a literatura sobre o efeito da terapia por fotobiomodulação com uso de laser de baixa intensidade no desempenho muscular na musculatura da cabeça e do pescoço em crianças com Paralisia Cerebral.

Métodos: estudo descritivo-qualitativo, de revisão integrativa, com busca na BVS, PubMed, SciELO, Embase, ScienceDirect e Cochrane, utilizando os descritores de saúde: terapia com luz de baixa intensidade, criança, paralisia cerebral, músculos faciais, músculo masseter e músculos do pescoço e seus termos alternativos, aplicando-se filtros de acordo com cada base de dados. A busca ocorreu de outubro de 2022 a dezembro de 2023, sem limitação de ano de publicação e idioma. Foram selecionados artigos que respondessem à pergunta norteadora: “A terapia por fotobiomodulação a laser de baixa intensidade aplicada a musculatura da cabeça e pescoço na criança com paralisia cerebral pode ser eficaz no desempenho muscular?”

Revisão da Literatura: doze artigos foram selecionados, sendo excluídos dez artigos após a leitura do título e resumo e, incluídos dois artigos após a leitura na íntegra.

Conclusão: foi identificada uma lacuna a respeito da temática abordada que não permite uma conclusão definitiva sobre o assunto. Entretanto, a fotobiomodulação a laser de baixa intensidade aplicada na musculatura da cabeça e pescoço em crianças com paralisia cerebral parece ser promissora para o desempenho muscular. Ainda não existem artigos científicos que abordem o uso deste recurso para a sensibilidade intraoral, para o fluxo salivar e para a deglutição na população estudada.

Palavras-chave

Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade; Criança; Paralisia Cerebral; Músculos Faciais; Músculo Masseter; Músculos do Pescoço

Referencias

1. Chavantes MC, Tomimura S. Fundamentos do laser. In: Chavantes MC, editor. Laser em Bio-Medicina: princípios e prática. São Paulo: Atheneu; 2008. p. 51-60. ISBN-13: 9788573793710.

2. Frare JC, Nicolau RA. Clinical analysis of the effect of laser photobiomodulation (GaAs - 904 nm) on temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Rev Bras Fisioter. 2008;12(1):37-42. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-35552008000100008

3. Santos MTBR, Pinto MS, Nascimento KS, Maciel SC. Photobiomodulation effect on the masseter muscle in children with cerebral palsy: A case report. Acta Fisiatr. 2015;22(1):39-42. https://doi.org/10.5935/0104-7795.20150009

4. Melchior MO, Machado BCZ, Magri LV, Mazzetto MO. Effect of speech-language therapy after low-level laser therapy in patients with TMD: A descriptive study. CoDAS. 2016;28(6):818-22. https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015099 PMID: 28001273.

5. Gonnelli FAS, Palma LF, Giordani AJ, Deboni ALS, Dias RS, Segreto RA et al. Low-level laser therapy for the prevention of low salivary flow rate after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer. Radiol Bras. 2016;49(2):86-91. https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2014.0144 PMID: 27141130; PMCID: PMC4851476.

6. Machado BCZ. Análise do efeito da terapia miofuncional orofacial associada a laserterapia em pacientes com desordem temporomandibular [Dissertation]. Ribeirão Preto (SP): Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto; 2012. https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2012.tde-23062014-150410

7. Matos AS. Laserterapia no controle da disfunção temporomandibular dolorosa: evidências científicas [Dissertation]. Bauru (SP): Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Universidade de São Paulo; 2019. https://doi.org/10.11606/D.25.2019.tde-27082019-182553

8. Ferreira SLS. Efeitos da laserterapia na performance do músculo masseter. [Dissertation on the internet]. Recife (PE): Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; 2020. [accessed on 29 nov 2022]. Available at: https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/37929

9. Denucci MAM. Temporomandibular disorders in patients with head and neck cancer: Therapeutic perspectives in speech therapy. Rev. Interface - Integr Fonoaudiol. Odontol. [Journal on the internet]. 2020 [accessed on 1 nov 2022]; 1(1):86-96. Available at: http://www.revistas.uniflu.edu.br:8088/seer/ojs-3.0.2/index.php/interface/article/view/251/148

10. Mouffron V, Furlan RMMM, Motta AR. Immediate effects of photobiomodulation on maximum lip pressure. CoDAS. 2022;34(2):e20210024. https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20212021024 PMID: 35019078; PMCID: PMC9769423.

11. Alves GÂ dos S, Gondim YR da R, Lima JAS de, Silva MAP da, Florêncio DSF, Almeida LNA de et al. Effects of photobiomodulation associated with orofacial myofactional therapy on temporomandibular joint dysfunction. CoDAS. 2021;33(6):e20200193. https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20202020193 PMID: 34105614.

12. Vanderlei T, Bandeira RN, Canuto MSB, Alves GA dos S. Low level light therapy and peripheral facial paralysis: Integrating literature review. Laser therapy and Bell palsy. Distúrb. Comunic. 2020;31(4):557-64. https://doi.org/10.23925/2176-2724.2019v31i4p557-564

13. Conselho Federal de Fonoaudiologia (CFFa). "Dispõe sobre a regulamentação da atuação do profissional fonoaudiólogo em disfagia e dá outras providências". Resolução nº 492, de 7 de abril de 2016. Diário Oficial da União (DOU). Brasília, DF. [Document on the internet] 18 Apr 2016. [accessed on 1 dec 2022];1(73):143-44. Available at: https://pesquisa.in.gov.br/imprensa/jsp/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=1&pagina=143&data=18/04/2016

14. Conselho Federal de Fonoaudiologia (CFFa). Resolução nº 719, de 15 de dezembro de 2023. "Dispõe sobre a regulamentação da atuação do fonoaudiólogo em disfagia e revoga a Resolução CFFa n.º 492, de 7 de abril de 2016." Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, Brasília, DF. [Document on the internet] 21 Dec 2023. [accessed on 30 dec 2023]; 1(242):340. Available at: https://ses.sp.bvs.br/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/U_RS-CFFA-719_151223.pdf

15. Conselho Federal de Fonoaudiologia (CFFa). "Dispõe sobre o uso do recurso de Laser da Baixa Intensidade (LBI) por fonoaudiólogos". Resolução Nº 541, de 15 março de 2019. Diário Oficial da União (DOU). Brasília, DF. [Document on the internet] 20 Mar 2019. [accessed on 1 dec 2022]; 1(54):131. Available at: https://pesquisa.in.gov.br/imprensa/jsp/visualiza/index.jsp?data=20/03/2019&jornal=515&pagina=131 ISSN 1677-7042.

16. Conselho Federal de Fonoaudiologia (CFFa). "Dispõe sobre o uso da terapia por fotobiomodulação como recurso terapêutico por fonoaudiólogos". Resolução Nº 606, de 17 de março der 2021. Diário Oficial da União (DOU). Brasília, DF. [document on the internet] 18 Mar 2021. [accessed on 1 dec 2022]; 1(52):66. Available at: https://pesquisa.in.gov.br/imprensa/jsp/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=515&pagina=66&data=18/03/2021

17. Rosenbaum P, Paneth N, Leviton A, Goldstein M, Bax M, Damiano D et al. A report: The definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006. Dev Med Child Neurol Suppl. 2007 Feb;109:8-14. PMID: 17370477. Erratum in: Dev Med Child Neurol. 2007;49(6):480.

18. Cans C, Dolk H, Platt MJ, Colver A, Prasauskiene A, Rägeloh-Mann IK. Recommendations from the SCPE collaborative group for defining and classifying cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2007;49(s109):35-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2007.tb12626.x PMID: 17370480.

19. Piovesana AMSG. Encefalopatia crônica (Paralisia Cerebral): etiologia, classificação e tratamento clínico. In: Fonseca LF, Pianetti G, Xavier CC, editors. Compêndio de Neurologia Infantil. 2 ed. São Paulo: Medsi; 2011; p. 825-38.

20. O'Shea TM. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cerebral palsy. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2008;51(4):816-28. https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181870ba7 PMID: 18981805; PMCID: PMC3051278; NIHMSID: NIHMS107730.

21. Erasmus CE, van Hulst K, Rotteveel JJ, Willemsen MAAP, Jongerius PH. Clinical practice: Swallowing problems in cerebral palsy. Eur J Pediat. 2012 Sept; 171:409-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-011-1570-y PMID: 21932013; PMCID: PMC3284655.

22. Moreira MJS, Santos RNOL, Palacios M. Speech therapy, decision conflicts and dysphagic patients: An integrative review. Rev Bioét. 2021;29(2):401-15. https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-80422021292478

23. Palisano R, Rosenbaum P, Walter S, Russell D, Wood E, Galuppi B. Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1997;39:214-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07414.x PMID: 9183258.

24. Calis EAC, Veugelers R, Sheppard JJ, Tibboel D, Evenhuis HM, Penning C. Dysphagia in children with severe generalized cerebral palsy and intellectual disability. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2008;50(8):625-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03047.x PMID: 18754902.

25. Furkim AM. Risk factors for recurrent pneumonia in patients with spastic tetraparetic cerebral palsy: Clinical and videofluoroscopic study [Thesis]. São Paulo (SP): Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo; 2003. [accessed on 15 oct 2022]. Available at: https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/19657 LILACS | ID: lil-352258.

26. Wilson EM, Hustad KC. Early feeding abilities in children with cerebral palsy: A parental report study. J Med Speech Lang Pathol. 2009;MARCH:nihpa57357. PMID: 20046974; PMCID: PMC2688002.

27. Andrew MJ, Sullivan PB. Growth in cerebral palsy. Nutr Clin Pract. 2010;25(4):357-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/088453361034061 PMID: 20702841.

28. Bobath B, Bobath K. Desenvolvimento motor nos diferentes tipos de paralisia cerebral. 1 ed. São Paulo: Manole. 1989. ISBN 18015.

29. Morales RC. Terapia de regulação orofacial. 1 ed. São Paulo: Memnon. 1999. ISBN 8585462310.

30. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71 PMID: 33782057; PMCID: PMC8005924.

31. Santos CMC, Pimenta CAM, Nobre MRC. The PICO strategy for the research question construction and evidence search. Rev Latino-Am Enfermagem. 2007;15(3):508-11. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692007000300023 PMID: 17653438.

32. Ursi ES. Prevenção de lesões de pele no perioperatório: revisão integrativa da literatura [Dissertation]. São Paulo (SP): Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo; 2005. https://doi.org/10.11606/D.22.2005.tde-18072005-095456

33. Santos MTBR, de Souza Merli LA, Guare RO, Ferreira MCD. The association of low and high laser treatments on self-inflicted lip injury: A case report. Photomedicine and laser surgery. 2010;28(4):565-8. https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2009.2594 PMID: 19860566.

34. Howcroft J, Klejman S, Fehlings D, Wright V, Zabjek K, Andrysek J et al. Active video game play in children with cerebral palsy: Potential for physical activity promotion and rehabilitation therapies. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;93(8):1448-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2012.02.033 PMID: 22571917.

35. Dabbous OA, Mostafa YM, El Noamany HA, El Shennawy SA, El Bagoury MA. Laser acupuncture as an adjunctive therapy for spastic cerebral palsy in children. Lasers Med Sci. 2016;31(6):1061-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1951-6 PMID: 27147077.

36. Morozova NS, Kozlitina IA, Makarov VI, Loschenov VB, Grinin VM, Ivanov SY et al. Optical spectral diagnostics of the oxygenation level in periodontal tissues and photodynamic therapy using methylene blue in children with cerebral palsy. Front Public Health. 2023;11:961066. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.961066 PMID: 36794072; PMCID: PMC9922788.

37. Abdelhalim S, Shoukry K, Alsharnoubi J. Effect of low-level laser therapy on quadriceps and foot muscle fatigue in children with spastic diplegia: A randomized controlled study. Lasers Med Sci. 2023;38(182):1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-023-03841-y PMID: 37572215; PMCID: PMC10423123.

38. Moreira LA, Santos MTBR, Campos VF, Genovese WJ. Efficiency of laser therapy applied in labial traumatism of patients with spastic cerebral palsy. Braz Dent J. 2004;15 (Special issue):SI29-33. PMID: 15690768.

39. Demasi OF, Jesus K, Ferreira AM, Brucoli ALP, Santos MTBR. Uso do laser de baixa intensidade para tratamento de mucocele e de úlcera traumática em freio lingual de bebê com paralisia cerebral. RBPS. 2015;17(3):98-102. https://doi.org/10.21722/RBPS.V17I3.14141

40. Santos MTBR, Diniz MB, Gouw-Soares SC, Lopes-Martins RA, Frigo L, Baeder FM. Evaluation of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of masticatory muscles spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. J Biomed Opt. 2016;21(2):28001. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.21.2.028001 PMID: 26882450.

41. Santos MTBR, Nascimento KS, Carazzato S, Barros AO, Mendes FM, Diniz MB. Efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy on masseter thickness and oral health-related quality of life in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32(6):1279-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2236-4 PMID: 8536904.

42. Putri DE, Srilestari A, Abdurrohim K, Mangunatmadja I, Wahyuni LK. The effect of laser acupuncture on spasticity in children with spastic cerebral palsy. J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2020;13(5):152-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jams.2020.09.001 PMID: 32980558.

43. Ragab B, Al Balah OF, Osama A, Mohamed M. Effect of low level laser therapy on hamstring muscle tightness and calf muscle spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. Turk J Physiother Rehabil. [Journal on the internet] 2021. [accessed on 2 dec 2023]; 32(3):27264-71. Available at: https://scholar.cu.edu.eg/sites/default/files/osamafalblah/files/32-1-3101_basma_ragab_adj.pdf

44. Neiva FC, Vieira FMJ, Figueiredo CR, Stamm AEC, Weckx LLM, Pignatari SSN. Therapeutic laser for pain relief after tonsillectomy. Rev paul pediatr. 2010;28(3):322-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-05822010000300011

45. Silva DC, Freitas PM, Calvo AFB, Gimenez T, Zanola M, Imparato JCP. Treatment of Riga-Fede disease using laser therapy: Clinical case report. RGO, Rev Gaúch Odontol. 2017;65(1):87-91. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372017000100003323

46. Pinto NC, Pinto FC, Alho EJ, Yoshimura EM, Krebs VL, Teixeira MJ et al. Pilot study in neonates using low-level laser therapy in the immediate postoperative period of myelomeningocele. Einstein (São Paulo). 2010;8(1):5-9. https://doi:10.1590/S1679-45082010AO1441 PMID: 26761745.

47. Goel H, Mathur S, Sandhu M, Jhingan P, Sachdev V. Effect of low-level laser therapy on P6 acupoint to control gag reflex in children: A clinical trial. J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2017;10(5):317-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jams.2017.07.002 PMID: 29078966.

48. Ezzat AE, El-Shenawy HM, El-Begermy MM, Eid MI, Abbas AY. Using low level laser therapy to reduce early postoperative airway obstruction following modified Hogan's flap. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2016;67(6):339-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otorri.2016.01.006 PMID: 27085288.

49. Leal-Junior ECP, Vanin AA, Miranda EF, Carvalho PTC, Corso S, Bjordal JM. Effect of phototherapy (low-level laser therapy and light-emitting diode therapy) on exercise performance and markers of exercise recovery: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci. 2015;30(2):925-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10103-013-1465-4 PMID: 24249354.

50. Alves VMN, Furlan RMMM, Motta AR. Immediate effects of photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy on muscle performance: An integrative literature review. Rev. CEFAC. 2019;21(4):e12019. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216/201921412019

51. Ferreira SLS, Cunha DA, Almeida ANS, Cunha MD, Bastos RSA, Silva HJ. The use of photobiomodulation for the muscles of head and neck: an integrative review. Audiol., Commun. Res. 2021;26:e2552. https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6431-2021-2552

52. Gomes CF, Schapochnik A. The therapeutic use of low intensity laser (LLLT) in some diseases and its relation to the performance in speech therapy. Distúrb. Comunic. 2017;29(3):570-8. https://doi.org/10.23925/2176-2724.2017v29i3p570-578

53. Gorgey AS, Wadde NA, Sobhi NN. The effect of low-level laser therapy on electrically induced muscle fatigue: A pilot study. Photomed Laser Surg. 2008;26(5):501-6. https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2007.2161 PMID: 18922091.

54. Huang Y-Y, Chen AC-H, Carroll JD, Hamblind MR. Biphasic dose response in low-level light therapy. Dose-Response. 2009;7:358-83. https://doi.org/10.2203/dose-response.09-027.Hamblin PMID: 22461763. PMCID: PMC3315174.

55. Bjordal JM, Couppé C, Chow RT, Tunér J, Ljunggren EA. A systematic review of low-level laser therapy with location-specific doses for pain from chronic joint disorders. Aust J Physiother. 2003;49(2):107-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(14)60127-6 PMID: 12775206.

56. Chow RT, Johnson MI, Lopes-Martins RA, Bjordal JM. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of neck pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo or active-treatment controlled trials. Lancet. 2009;374(9705):1897-908. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61522-1 Erratum in: Lancet. 2010;375(9718):894. PMID: 19913903.

57. Leal-Junior ECP, Lopes-Martins RÁB, Bjordal JM. Clinical and scientific recommendations for the use of photobiomodulation therapy in exercise performance enhancement and post-exercise recovery: Current evidence and future directions. Braz J Phys Ther. 2019;23(1):71-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.12.002 PMID: 30591412. PMCID: PMC6546960.
 


Submitted date:
24/10/2023

Accepted date:
09/06/2025

68fba09fa953950c7a32e8b5 cefac Articles

Revista CEFAC

Share this page
Page Sections