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The use of photobiomodulation in swallowing difficulties in individuals who developed the severe form of COVID-19

O uso da fotobiomodulação na dificuldade de deglutição em indivíduos que desenvolveram a forma grave da COVID-19

Aline Diniz Gehren; Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira; Rose Mari Bennemann; Luciana Lozza de Moraes Marchiori; Caio Sabino Ferreira; Caroline Pereira Buturi Arruda; Mariana Zamboni Gasparini

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216/20242612823 Revista CEFAC, vol.26, n1, e2823, 2024
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Abstract

This study aimed to verify the use of photobiomodulation in swallowing difficulties in individuals who had a severe form of COVID-19. This case report was based on a quasi-experimental, quantitative study, with primary data collected from a non-probabilistic sample of 13 adults (aged ≥ 19 to < 60 years) of both sexes, who had the severe form of COVID-19. Swallowing was assessed with the Dysphagia Risk Assessment Protocol, and the intervention used photobiomodulation. Descriptive statistics were used. It was found that all research participants’ risk for dysphagia in water and pudding swallowing tests improved from before to after the intervention. It can be concluded that photobiomodulation had positive results in speech-language-hearing practice to treat swallowing difficulties in adults who were affected by the severe form of COVID-19, intubated, tracheostomized, and needed an alternative feeding route, as the swallowing difficulties improved.

Keywords

COVID-19; Deglutition Disorders; Intubation, Intratracheal; Laser Therapy

Resumo

O objetivo foi verificar o uso da fotobiomodulação na dificuldade de deglutição em  indivíduos que desenvolveram a forma grave da COVID-19. Trata-se de um relato de casos, a partir de um estudo quase experimental, quantitativo, com coleta de dados primários e com amostra não probabilística, realizado com 13 indivíduos adultos (idade ≥ 19 a < 60 anos) de ambos os sexos, que tiveram a forma grave da COVID-19. Foi realizada a avaliação da deglutição pelo Protocolo de Avaliação para o Risco de Disfagia (PARD) e a intervenção com fotobiomodulação. Foi utilizada a estatística descritiva. Verificou-se que todos os participantes da pesquisa apresentaram melhora no risco para disfagia no teste de deglutição de água e de alimento pastoso do momento pré para o pós-intervenção. Pode-se concluir que a utilização da fotobiomodulação na prática fonoaudiológica para tratar a dificuldade de deglutição dos adultos que foram acometidos pela forma grave da COVID-19, intubados, traqueostomizados e necessitaram fazer uso de via alternativa de alimentação, trouxe resultados positivos, com melhora da dificuldade de deglutição.

Palavras-chave

COVID-19; Transtornos da Deglutição; Intubação Intratraqueal; Terapia a Laser

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Submetido em:
20/05/2023

Aceito em:
24/10/2023

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