Revista CEFAC
https://revistacefac.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/1982-0216/20232569523
Revista CEFAC
Original Articles

Oral skills and breastfeeding performance of premature newborns hospitalized in a neonatal unit

Habilidades orais e desempenho na mamada de recém-nascidos prematuros internados em unidade neonatal

Flávia Aparecida Felipe de Lima Silva; Dário Alves da Silva Costa; Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche

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Abstract

Purpose: to compare oral skills and functional breastfeeding performance at the time of speech-language-hearing assessment and tube removal in premature newborns admitted to a neonatal unit.

Methods: a cross-sectional observational study in premature newborns without serious pathologies, admitted to the neonatal unit of a hospital of the Public Health System, from May to August 2022. Data were collected from the medical records, and premature newborns were assessed regarding the readiness for oral feeding, breastfeeding performance, and oral skill level at the time of assessment and tube removal. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare these measures at both moments, setting the significance level at 5%.

Results: the study sample had 126 premature newborns with a mean weight of 1,937.2 g and a mean gestational age of 33.1 weeks. Both the breastfeeding performance score (from 6.5 to 8.2) and the oral skill level improved between the two moments, with more premature babies in level IV (the most mature), with a statistically significant relationship (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: the breastfeeding performance and oral skill levels improved between the speech-language-hearing assessment and tube removal in hospitalized premature infants, indicating development in skills during this process.

Keywords

Infant, Premature; Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences; Feeding Behavior; Breast Feeding

Resumo

Objetivo: comparar as habilidades orais e o desempenho funcional na mamada no momento da avaliação fonoaudiológica e na ocasião da retirada de sonda em prematuros internados em Unidade Neonatal. 

Métodos: estudo observacional transversal, realizado com prematuros sem patologias graves, internados em Unidade Neonatal de hospital do Sistema Único de Saúde, no período de maio a agosto de 2022. Foram coletados dados no prontuário e realizada avaliação da prontidão para via oral, do desempenho na mamada e do nível de habilidade oral do prematuro no momento da avaliação e na retirada de sonda. Foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon para comparar essas medidas nos dois momentos, considerando nível de significância de 5%. 

Resultados: participaram do estudo 126 prematuros com peso e idade gestacional médios de 1.937,2 g e 33,1 semanas, respectivamente. Houve melhora no escore de desempenho da mamada entre os dois momentos (de 6,5 para 8,2) e no nível de habilidade oral, com mais prematuros no nível IV, o mais maduro, com relação estatisticamente significante (p<0,001). 

Conclusão: houve melhora no desempenho da mamada e nível de habilidade oral ao comparar os momentos da avaliação fonoaudiológica e retirada de sonda em prematuros internados, indicando evolução nas habilidades no decorrer desse processo.

Palavras-chave

Recém-Nascido Prematuro; Fonoaudiologia; Comportamento Alimentar; Aleitamento Materno

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Submitted date:
09/08/2023

Accepted date:
10/23/2023

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