Revista CEFAC
https://revistacefac.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/1982-0216/20232520323
Revista CEFAC
Original Articles

Feeding development of children with microcephaly: a descriptive study

Desenvolvimento alimentar de crianças com microcefalia: estudo descritivo

Manuela Leitão de Vasconcelos; Giorvan Ânderson dos Santos Alves; Luiz Medeiros de Araujo Lima-Filho; Leandro Pernambuco

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Abstract

Purpose: to describe feeding characteristics of children with microcephaly, encompassing the feeding route, food consistencies, and utensils used to feed them.

Methods: a descriptive study approved by the Research Ethics Committee, including 34 caregivers of children diagnosed with microcephaly. They answered a structured interview on the children’s feeding route, breastfeeding, utensils used to feed them, and the food consistencies, besides sociodemographic and overall development data. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed, presenting absolute and percentage frequencies and measures of central tendency and dispersion.

Results: the 34 caregivers in the sample were responsible for 34 children born between 2015 and 2018, diagnosed with microcephaly, due to various causes. Of these, 33 (97.02%) were on oral feeding in their first year of life - 26 (76.44%) on breastfeeding, nine of which (26.46%) exclusively so until 6 months old. The children were served food in baby bottles, cups, spoons, and syringes. Pureed food was the consistency most accepted by the children.

Conclusions: there was a low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding until they were 6 months old, delayed progress of consistencies, use of utensils inadequate to their age, and necessary adaptations to feed children, orally.

Keywords

Microcephaly; Child Nutrition; Feeding Methods; Breast Feeding; Bottle Feeding

Resumo

Objetivo: descrever características relacionadas à alimentação de crianças com microcefalia, considerando via de alimentação, consistência e utensílios utilizados.

Métodos: estudo descritivo, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Participaram 34 cuidadores de crianças com diagnóstico de microcefalia. Foi realizada entrevista estruturada com os cuidadores quanto à via de alimentação, amamentação, utensílios para oferta e consistência do alimento, além de aspectos sociodemográficos e de desenvolvimento global. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva, apresentada por meio de frequências absoluta e percentual, e medidas de posição e dispersão.

Resultados: os 34 cuidadores que compuseram a amostra eram responsáveis por 34 crianças nascidas entre os anos de 2015 e 2018 com diagnóstico de microcefalia de causas diversas. Dessas, 33 (97,02%) alimentaram-se por via oral durante o primeiro ano de vida, sendo que 26 (76,44%) foram amamentadas, nove delas (26,46%) de forma exclusiva até o sexto mês. Para oferta do alimento foram utilizados mamadeira, copo, colher e seringa. A consistência alimentar mais aceita pelas crianças foi a pastosa.

Conclusões: observa-se baixa prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo até o sexto mês, atraso na progressão de consistências, uso de utensílios inadequados para a idade e necessidade de adaptações para as crianças que se mantiveram em alimentação por via oral.

Palavras-chave

Microcefalia; Nutrição da Criança; Métodos de Alimentação; Aleitamento Materno; Alimentação com Mamadeira

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Submitted date:
01/09/2023

Accepted date:
02/14/2023

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