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https://revistacefac.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/1982-0216/20232518522
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Analysis of a hearing loss identification and intervention program in the first years of life in primary care

Análise de um programa de identificação e intervenção  da perda auditiva nos primeiros anos de vida na atenção primária

Maria Taiany Duarte de Oliveira; Kátia de Freitas Alvarenga; Alice Andrade Lopes Amorim; Lilian Cassia Bornia Jacob; Eliene Silva Araújo

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216/20232518522 Revista CEFAC, vol.25, n1, e8522, 2023
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Abstract

Purpose: to analyze the implementation and effectiveness of a hearing loss identification and intervention program in the first years of life in primary care.

Methods: an experimental study carried out in two Basic Health Units. Twenty-three Community Health Workers participated, trained through an online self-instructional course from the Ministry of Health. Subsequently, they followed the hearing and language of children from zero to two years old, referring them, if necessary, to audiological evaluation. For the analysis of pre and post online course knowledge, the Wilcoxon test was applied, and to compare the performance between the participants of the two Basic Health Units, the Mann Whitney test was used, adopting p<0.05. Additionally, the qualitative perception of participating community workers, the referrals, and the result of the audiological evaluation were analyzed.

Results: the online course was effective in improving the knowledge of the participants. A total of 102 children were monitored, 15 of them were referred for evaluation. From these, four underwent hearing screening and 11 underwent a complete hearing assessment, a case of conductive hearing loss being identified.

Conclusion: the implementation of a program for the identification and intervention of hearing loss, in the first years of life, in primary care, permeated by community health workers, is feasible.

Keywords

Hearing Loss; Community Health Workers; Inservice Training; Primary Health Care

Resumo

Objetivo: analisar a implantação e a eficácia de um programa de identificação e intervenção da perda auditiva nos primeiros anos de vida na atenção primária.

Métodos: estudo experimental realizado em duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Participaram 23 agentes comunitários de saúde, capacitados por meio de um curso autoinstrucional online do Ministério da Saúde. Posteriormente, acompanharam a audição e a linguagem das crianças de zero a dois anos, encaminhando-as, se necessário, para avaliação audiológica. Para análise do conhecimento pré e pós curso online foi aplicado o teste de Wilcoxon e para comparação do desempenho entre os participantes das duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde empregou-se o teste de Mann Whitney, com adoção de p<0,05. Adicionalmente, avaliou-se a percepção qualitativa dos agentes comunitários participantes, os encaminhamentos realizados e o resultado da avaliação audiológica.

Resultados: o curso online foi eficaz na melhoria do conhecimento dos participantes. Totalizaram-se 102 crianças acompanhadas, 15 delas encaminhadas para avaliação. Destas, quatro realizaram triagem auditiva e 11 realizaram a avaliação auditiva completa, sendo identificado um caso de perda auditiva condutiva.

Conclusão: a implantação de um programa de identificação e intervenção da perda auditiva nos primeiros anos de vida na atenção primária, permeada por agentes comunitários de saúde, mostrou-se viável.

Palavras-chave

Perda Auditiva; Agentes Comunitários de Saúde; Capacitação em Serviço; Atenção Primária à Saúde

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Submetido em:
03/11/2022

Aceito em:
23/02/2023

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