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https://revistacefac.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/1982-0216/20222429322
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Anosmia and ageusia in people after COVID-19: an analysis between the type and length of hospital stay

Anosmia e ageusia em pessoas após a COVID-19: análise entre tipo e tempo de hospitalização

Glória de Moraes Marchiori; Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco; Daiane de Almeida Ciquinato; Aline Diniz Gehren; Gabriel Henrique Carvalho; Jayson Júnior Mesti; Luciana Lozza de Moraes Marchiori

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Abstract

Purpose: to analyze the type and length of hospital stay in people who reported anosmia and ageusia after COVID-19.

Methods: a cross-sectional study with patients who were referred by the hospital after medical discharge. They answered a standardized in-person questionnaire on age, sex, anthropometry, need for hospitalization, anosmia, and ageusia. Nonparametric statistics were calculated to analyze the data. The Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare the groups. Significance was set at p<0.05.

Results: the responses of 201 participants with a mean age of 44.7 ± 12.7 years were analyzed, 52.2% (n = 105) were males, 67.7% had been hospitalized (n = 136), 60.2% (n = 121) reported ageusia, and 55.7% (n = 112) reported anosmia. There was a difference in days spent in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for the Ageusia group (p = 0.004), which had a shorter length of stay. As for those who reported anosmia, there was a difference and shorter length of stay for both the ward (p = 0.001) and ICU (p = 0.004). Categorical data showed that anosmia was associated with hospitalization (yes or no) (p = 0.018; phi = -0.167). Among those who were not hospitalized, 67% (n = 44) reported anosmia.

Conclusion: those who reported anosmia and ageusia had shorter hospital stays, when necessary.

Keywords

Hospitalization, Anosmia, Ageusia, COVID-19

Resumo

Objetivo: analisar o tipo e tempo de hospitalização em pessoas que relataram anosmia e ageusia após a COVID-19.

Métodos: estudo transversal com pacientes que foram encaminhados pelo hospital após a alta médica. Um questionário padronizado foi aplicado presencialmente contendo dados referentes a idade, sexo, antropometria, necessidade de internação, anosmia e ageusia. Estatística não-paramétrica foi utilizada para analisar os dados. Os testes de Mann Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis foram utilizados para comparação dos grupos. Considerou-se significante um p<0,05.

Resultados: foram analisadas as respostas de 201 participantes com média de idade de 44,7 ± 12,7 anos, 52,2% (n = 105) eram do sexo masculino, 67,7% foram internados (n = 136), 60,2% (n = 121) relataram ageusia e 55,7% (n = 112) informaram anosmia. Houve diferença em relação aos dias de permanência em Unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) para o grupo Ageusia (p = 0,004), sendo que estes apresentaram menor tempo de internação. Quanto aos que relataram anosmia, houve diferença e menor tempo de internação para ambos, enfermaria (p = 0,001) e UTI (p = 0,004). Os dados categóricos demonstraram associação entre anosmia e internação (sim e não) (p = 0,018; phi = -0,167), sendo que, entre os que não foram internados, 67% (n = 44) relataram anosmia.

Conclusão: aqueles que relataram anosmia e ageusia apresentaram menor tempo de internação, quando necessário.

Palavras-chave

Hospitalização; Anosmia; Ageusia; COVID-19

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Submetido em:
22/06/2022

Aceito em:
09/11/2022

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