Auditory effects of recreational and occupational noise exposure among dental students: a cross-sectional study
Efectos auditivos producto de la exposición a ruido recreacional y dental en estudiantes de odontología: un estudio transversal
Eduardo Fuentes-López; Francisco García-Huidobro Nuñez; Pamela Acuña Caro; Nicolás Castro Becerra; Gabriela Jalil García; Nivia Molina Marín; Lissette Navea Stuardo; Eduardo Magallón; Pedro Badía Venti
Abstract
Purpose: to determine the auditory effects of noise exposure from recreational and occupational sources among dentistry students.
Methods: forty-two dentistry students, routinely exposed to occupational noise, and 72 students from other health science schools were recruited (control group). Audiometric testing, otoacoustic emissions and questionnaires to assess recreational and occupational noise were applied to the sample. The presence of a notch was determined for each participant audiometry´s test based on the criteria proposed by Coles et al. Differences in notch prevalence were analyzed by applying univariate regression models as well as a multivariate model adjusted by covariates.
Results: non-significant differences in auditory thresholds between groups were found. The controls exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of a notch at 4 kHz than the group exposed to noise. However, the differences were not statistically significant in the multivariate model adjusted by recreational noise exposure.
Conclusions: the occupational noise exposure was not significantly associated to auditory system dysfunction. In addition, the differences in notch prevalence could be related to recreational noise exposure.
Keywords
Resumen
Objetivo: determinar los efectos auditivos producto de la exposición a ruido recreacional y ocupacional en estudiantes de Odontología.
Métodos: se reclutó a 42 estudiantes de odontología expuestos rutinariamente a ruido ocupacional, y a 72 estudiantes de otras carreras del área de la salud (grupo control). Se evaluó mediante audiometría, emisiones otoacústicas, junto con aplicar cuestionarios para determinar la exposición a ruido ocupacional y recreacional. A partir de los umbrales audiométricos e determinó la presencia de escotoma usando el criterio de Coles et al. Se analizaron las diferencias en prevalencia de escotomas entre los grupos mediante regresiones logísticas, ajustando por otras variables.
Resultados: no existieron diferencias significativas en los umbrales audiométricos entre los grupos estudiados. El grupo control mostró mayor prevalencia de escotoma en 4 kHz al ajustar por sexo y edad, sin embargo, dejó de ser significativa al ajustar adicionalmente por exposición a ruido recreacional.
Conclusiones: la exposición a ruido ocupacional no se asoció a alteraciones auditivas. Además, las diferencias en prevalencia de escotomas estarían relacionadas a exposición a ruido recreacional.
Palabras clave
Referencias
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Submitted date:
13/01/2019
Accepted date:
24/07/2020
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