Acoustic analysis of swallowing sounds in tracheostomized patients affected by traumatic brain injury
Análise acústica de sons da deglutição em pacientes traqueostomizados acometidos por traumatismo cranioencefálico
Raquel Guidotti Lemos; Talita Todeschini Vieira; Karina de Fátima Portela de Oliveira Pereira; Adriano de Souza Pereira; Bianca Simone Zeigelboim; Rosane Sampaio Santos
Abstract
Purpose: to demonstrate the feasibility of using the acoustic analysis of swallowing sounds as a combined method in the clinical assessment of tracheostomized patients affected by traumatic brain injury.
Methods: an observational, cross-sectional study. A total of 10 adult patients, in the mean age of 43.6 years, participated. They were hospitalized in wards, semi-intensive, or intensive care units, from May to July 2016. The inclusion criterion involved being affected by traumatic brain injury, confirmed with a CT scan. The Speech Therapy Tracheal Decannulation Protocol was used in the clinical assessment, as well as the cervical auscultation with the Doppler sonar. Fisher’s test was used, resulting in no significant relationship (p > 0.05) between the variables analyzed in the two consistencies and decannulation.
Results: the presence of an acoustic signal of laryngeal elevation was observed, as well as noise between the swallowings, and acoustic signal suggestive of residue in 50% of the patients for the consistencies tested. When the peak frequency, mean wave time, presence of residue in between swallowings, and acoustic signal suggestive of residues were correlated with decannulation (Table 5), no significant correlation was verified (p > 0.05) between the variables analyzed in the two consistencies and the decannulation.
Conclusion: the study suggests that it is feasible to use the Doppler sonar as a combined method in the clinical assessment of dysphagia for the decannulation of patients affected by traumatic brain injury.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: demonstrar a viabilidade do uso da análise acústica dos sons da deglutição como método conjugado à avaliação clínica em pacientes traqueostomizados acometidos por traumatismo cranioencefálico.
Métodos: estudo observacional do tipo transversal. Participaram deste estudo 10 pacientes adultos, com idade média de 43,6 anos internados em leito hospitalar, unidades de terapias intensivas ou semi- -intensivas, no período de maio a julho de 2016. O critério para inclusão foi ser acometido por traumatismo cranioencefálico, confirmado por tomografia axial computadorizada. Foi aplicado o Protocolo Fonoaudiológico de Decanulação Traqueal para a avaliação clínica e a ausculta cervical por meio do Sonar Doppler. Foi aplicado o Test Fischer e não foi encontrada relação significante (p>0,05), entre as variáveis analisadas nas duas consistências e na decanulação.
Resultados: foi observada a presença de sinal acústico de elevação laríngea, presença de ruído entre as deglutições, presença de sinal acústico sugestivo de resíduo em 50% dos pacientes, para as consistências testadas. Quando correlacionados a relação entre frequência de pico, tempo médio da onda, presença de resíduo entre as deglutições, sinal acústico sugestivo de resíduos e decanulação (Tabela 5), verificou-se que não existe correlação significante (p>0,05) entre as variáveis analisadas nas duas consistências e a decanulação.
Conclusão: o estudo sugere que o uso do Sonar Doppler é viável como método conjugado na avaliação clínica das disfagias para a decanulação de pacientes acometidos por traumatismo cranioencefálico.
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References
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Submitted date:
10/02/2018
Accepted date:
09/14/2020
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