Diseases and symptoms associated with changes in postural balance in diabetics: an integrating literature review
Doenças e sintomas associados a alterações do equilíbrio postural em diabéticos: uma revisão integrativa
Eliza Mikaele Tavares da Silva; Bartolomeu Fagundes de Lima Filho; Érika Barioni Mantello; André Gustavo Pires de Sousa; José Diniz Júnior; Juliana Maria Gazzola
Abstract
Purpose: to verify the diseases and symptoms associated with changes in postural balance in middle-aged and elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: an integrative review was performed using the following descriptors: “Dizziness,” “Vertigo,” “Vestibular Diseases,” “Labyrinth Diseases,” and “Type 2, Diabetes Mellitus” in English and in Portuguese in databases such as PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus. Observational articles involving individuals aged 40 years or more with type 2 diabetes mellitus and with alteration in postural balance having presented at least one disease or symptom associated with that alteration were selected.
Results: the search yielded 1,209 articles, but only five met the eligibility criteria. Individuals in the selected studies had systemic arterial hypertension, high body mass index, peripheral neuropathy, and postural instability when walking on irregular surfaces and in the dark, when looking at moving objects, moving the head quickly and changing posture, resulting in stumbling when walking, and falls. The articles were classified as IIb and III, according to the levels of evidence of the American Speech-Language Hearing Association.
Conclusion: the subjects in the studied articles presented cardiovascular alterations, peripheral neuropathy, vestibular symptoms, difficulties in tasks/movements in challenging contexts, and falls.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: verificar doenças e sintomas associados às alterações do equilíbrio postural em indivíduos de meia-idade e idosos com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2.
Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca foi realizada a partir dos descritores: “Dizziness”, “Vertigo”, “Vestibular Diseases”, “Labyrinth Diseases”, “Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2” e seus correspondentes no português nas bases de dados: PubMed, Scielo, LILACS, Web of Science e Scopus. Foram inseridos artigos observacionais com cauística constituida por indivíduos a partir de 40 anos, com alteração no equilíbrio postural e Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, e que apresentassem pelo menos uma doença ou sintoma associado a esta alteração.
Resultados: a busca resultou em 1209 artigos, porém somente cinco atenderam os critérios de elegibilidade. Os participantes dos estudos selecionados apresentaram hipertensão arterial sistêmica, índice de massa corporal elevado, neuropatia periférica, instabilidade postural ao andar em superfícies irregulares e no escuro, ao olhar para objetos em movimento, ao movimentar a cabeça rapidamente e ao mudar de postura, tropeços ao andar e quedas. Os artigos foram classificados como IIb e III, segundo os níveis de evidências da American Speech-Language Hearing Association.
Conclusão: foram identificadas alterações cardiovasculares, neuropatia periférica, sintomas vestibulares, dificuldades em tarefas/movimentos em contextos desafiadores e quedas em indivíduos de meia-idade e idosos com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2.
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References
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Submitted date:
12/15/2018
Accepted date:
04/15/2019
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