Comparison of nasal geometry among adults with obstructive sleep apnea: a preliminary study
Comparação da geometria nasal entre adultos com apneia obstrutiva do sono: estudo preliminar
Jackson Ítalo Tavares da Rocha; Anna Myrna Jaguaribe de Lima; Hilton Justino da Silva; Adriana de Oliveira Camargo Gomes; Paulo Augusto Vitorino; Danielle Cristina Silva Clímaco; Daniele Andrade da Cunha
Abstract
Purpose: to compare nasal geometry between two groups of patients with different degrees of obstructive sleep apnea and to correlate apnea-hypopnea index, apnea severity and degree of daytime sleepiness with nasal areas and volume.
Methods: a total of 20 adults (15 women and 5 men, mean age of 52.0±11.4 years old) without nasal obstruction were submitted to polysomnography. The subjects were divided into two groups: a) 10 individuals without apnea or with mild-grade apnea; b) 10 with moderate or severe apnea. Nasal geometry was evaluated by acoustic rhinometry. The volume, comprising the distance from the nasal valve to the posterior part of the middle nasal turbinate, and the three sectional areas corresponding to nasal valve, anterior part of the inferior nasal turbinate and posterior part of the inferior nasal turbinate, were considered. The Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, Student’s t tests for independent samples and Spearman’s correlation coefficient were used for the analysis, with a significance level lower than 5%.
Results: group 2 presented lower values in the area corresponding to the nasal valve (on the right), and higher values in the nasal turbinate areas. There was no correlation between the drowsiness scale and nasal areas and volumes.
Conclusion: the area of the nasal valve was unilaterally smaller in the group with moderate and severe apnea. There was no correlation between volumes and nasal areas and excessive daytime sleepiness.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: comparar a geometria nasal entre dois grupos de pacientes com diferentes graus de apneia obstrutiva do sono e correlacionar índice e gravidade da apneia e grau de sonolência diurna com áreas e volume nasais.
Métodos: 20 adultos (15 mulheres e 5 homens – idade média de 52,0±11,4 anos) sem obstrução nasal, submetidos à polissonografia e divididos em dois grupos: a) dez indivíduos sem ou com apneia em grau leve; b) dez com apneia moderada ou grave. A geometria nasal foi avaliada por rinometria acústica. Foram considerados o volume (distância da válvula nasal até a parte posterior da concha nasal média) e as três áreas seccionais: válvula nasal, parte anterior e parte posterior da concha nasal inferior. Foram aplicados os testes de Mann-Whitney e t de Student para amostras independentes e coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, com nível de significância de 5%.
Resultados: o grupo 2 apresentou valores menores na área da válvula nasal, à direita, e maiores valores nas áreas das conchas nasais. Não houve correlação entre escala de sonolência e geometria nasal.
Conclusão: a área da válvula nasal foi menor, unilateralmente, no grupo com apneia moderada e grave. Não houve correlação entre volumes e áreas nasais e sonolência diurna excessiva.
Palavras-chave
Referências
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Submetido em:
05/07/2019
Aceito em:
13/11/2019
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