Pre and postnatal characteristics of children and adolescents with intellectual disability
Características pré e pós-natais de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência intelectual
Antônio Augusto Schäfer; Lisiane Tuon Generoso Bitencourt; Bettina Stopazzolli Cassetari; Emily dos Santos Uggioni; Fernanda de Oliveira Meller
Abstract
Purpose: to describe pre and postnatal characteristics of children and adolescents with intellectual disability.
Methods: study performed with all individuals who received healthcare between August 2016 and February 2018 at a reference Rehabilitation Center which serves 27 towns and cities in the South of Santa Catarina State, Brazil. A questionnaire focusing on demographic, socioeconomic, pre and postnatal variables was administered to parents or guardians of children and adolescents by trained interviewers. Descriptive analyses were performed using absolute and relative frequencies of categorical variables and central tendency and dispersion measures of numerical variables.
Results: 42 individuals in the mean age of 11 years (± 3.0) were studied. Most mothers reported having unintended pregnancy and more than a half reported having had a cesarean section. In addition, about one-fifth of the subjects had low birth weight and most of them received exclusive breastfeeding up to six months of age.
Conclusion: these findings are crucial for the organization and improvement of health care services, since they provide evidence for health professionals to improve and/or focus their health care initiatives on these individuals.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: descrever características pré e pós-natais de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência intelectual.
Métodos: estudo realizado com todos os indivíduos atendidos no período de agosto de 2016 a fevereiro de 2018 em um Centro Especializado em Reabilitação referência para o extremo sul catarinense do Brasil. Foi aplicado, por entrevistadores treinados, um questionário aos pais e/ou responsáveis pelas crianças e adolescentes, contendo variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas, pré e pós-natais. Análises descritivas foram realizadas, apresentando frequências absoluta e relativa das variáveis categóricas e medida de tendência central e de dispersão das variáveis numéricas.
Resultados: foram estudados 42 indivíduos com média de idade de 11 anos (±3,0). Grande maioria das mães referiu não ter planejado a gestação e mais da metade delas relatou ter realizado parto cesárea. Além disso, cerca de um quinto dos indivíduos nasceram com baixo peso e a grande maioria deles recebeu aleitamento materno exclusivo até os seis meses de idade.
Conclusão: os achados são de grande relevância para a organização e o aprimoramento dos serviços de atenção à saúde, uma vez que fornecem evidências para os profissionais de saúde aprimorarem e/ou direcionarem suas ações no atendimento a esse público-alvo.
Palavras-chave
References
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Submitted date:
03/08/2019
Accepted date:
07/15/2019
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