Disfagia em pacientes portadores da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida – AIDS
Dysphagia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome – Aids
Daniela Rocha Araújo; Isabella Carolina Santos Bicalho; Renata Di Francesco
Resumo
Objetivos: determinar a freqüência da disfagia em pacientes com AIDS internados em instituição hospitalar da cidade de Belo Horizonte; quantificar a ocorrência da disfagia quanto aos tipos: mecânica, neurogênica ou mista; estabelecer a relação entre disfagia, CD4 e carga viral; relacionar as doenças associadas causadoras de disfagia.
Métodos: foram realizadas avaliações funcionais da deglutição em 23 pacientes, 17 do gênero masculino e 6 do gênero feminino, entre 24 e 68 anos; e pesquisa nos prontuários.
Resultados: sete pacientes eram disfágicos. Destes, 5 apresentaram disfagia neurogênica, 1 disfagia mecânica e 1 disfagia mista. Das doenças associadas, as mais freqüentes nos disfágicos foram Candidíase (57%), Meningoencefalite tuberculosa (14,2%), Toxoplasmose cerebral (85,7%), Criptococose extra pulmonar (14,2%), Pneumonia por Pneumocystis carinii (28,5%) e Citomegalovírus (14,2%).
Conclusões: dos indivíduos que apresentaram disfagia, a maioria mostrou disfagia orofaríngea neurogênica associada à Toxoplasmose cerebral. Não houve significância estatística entre disfagia e os valores de carga viral e contagem de células CD4.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Purpose: to determine the frequency of dysphagia in patients with AIDS admitted in a Clinic; quantify the frequency of both dysphagia types(mechanical and neurological); establish a relation among dysphagia, CD4 and viral load; and relate the secondary infections that may cause dysphagia.
Methods: a research in the medical records to collect information and a swallowing test were done in 23 patients, 17 males, 6 females, between 24 and 68 years old.
Results: seven patients had dysphagia. In this group of seven , five patients had neurological dysphagia, 1 had mechanical dysphagia and 1 had both types. Candidiasis (57%), Meningoencephalitis tuberculosis (14,2%), Brain Toxoplasmosis (85,7%), Criptococosis extra lungs (meningoencephalitis) (14,2%), Pneumonia by Pneumocystis carinii (28,5%), Cytomegalovirus (14,2%) were the most frequent diseases in patients with dysphagia.
Conclusions: most patients with dysphagia had neurological dysphagia related to brain toxoplasmosis. The statistical analysis showed that there is no relevance in relation among dysphagia, CD4 cells counts and viral load.
Keywords
References
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Submitted date:
12/30/2004
Accepted date:
02/21/2005
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